What makes the James Webb Space Telescope special? Can it time Travel /Technology used in James Webb & its Mechanism of Working/Big Bang/Red Shift/InfraRed Rays

James Webb Space Telescope

The Biggest and most powerful space telescope in the world was launched by NASA.

It’s named the James Webb Space Telescope.

 

    Using this, you can time travel of sorts I mean it isn’t possible to go back in time but with this, you can get a glimpse of History.

And here I’m not talking about the history made in the 5-6 Years; literally, millions and billions of year’s history can be looked at by using this telescope.

More Specifically, 13 Billion years,

The Universe began with the Big Bang 13.8 billion years ago and this telescope can look at 13 billion years ago.

About 0.7 billion years that the universe began.

How can It be Possible?

James Webb began a voyage back to the birth of the universe”

“ Nature has its way of being even more creative than we are. So, we have always been surprised by what we see in the sky.

 

The most special thing about this telescope is that it has been designed mainly to detect infrared light.

When you look at the sky with a normal telescope, you see the wavelength of visible lengths. The light that you can see with your naked eye.

 

 

Normally, the telescope we buy in the shop helps us look only at the wavelength of the visible light.

The range of visible light is from blue color to red color, and the red color has the biggest wavelength. And as you know with electromagnetic waves, the bigger the wavelength the easier it is for the electromagnetic waves to pass through any object or obstacles like radio waves.

The radio we listen to. The wavelengths of radio waves may span more than a kilometer. For this reason, you can listen to the radio waves that pass through the building even.

 

 The wavelength of infrared is bigger than that of red.

But we can’t see infrared with our naked eyes.

The advantages of a telescope for looking at infrared can be seen in this photo.

The most powerful telescope we had till now.

                      

 You can see the space dust and you can see the clouds of gases forming. But infrared wavelength can pass through the dust and clouds and we will be able to see what lies behind this.

In this picture, we imagine we would be able to see with James Webb’s telescope.

    We will get a more high-quality, HD Picture.

The word infrared means below red. The word comes from Latin. Infra means below. So infrared means below red because its frequency lies below that of red.

And frequency is inversely proportional to wavelength. Anything that radiates heat emits infrared waves to humans animals, The Sun, Fire

Each of these emits infrared waves.

That’s why in night goggles you would have seen soldiers used often. They detect infrared.

         

  Through the night vision Google, goggles view like this

                           

Since, the telescope will look at stars and galaxies of galaxies and planets, all of which radiate heat.

What is the Difference between Hubble Telescope and JWST ?

Webb also has a much bigger mirror than Hubble. This larger light collecting area means that Webb can peer farther back into time than Hubble is capable of doing. Hubble is in a very close orbit around the earth, while Webb will be 1.5 million kilometers (km) away at the second Lagrange (L2) point.

   The JWST was launched on December 25, 2021. It is six times larger and 100 times more powerful than Hubble, which launched 32 years ago in 1990. The image released on Monday shows a huge sweep of space and the JWST has far more detail than Hubble.

 It will be possible to capture and capture infrared waves.

The other advantage is that whare a telescope looks at stars at long distances nice distances there are billions of kilometers afar from us. When the lights from those stars reach the thrashcore.

             

The light has traveled a travel distance, that by the time it the aches have as we know the universe is slowly expanding, the wavelength of light gets stretched.                                  

     The wavelength gets elongated. The phenomenon is also known as the Red Shift.

That the wavelength of the light has stretched a bit, and a bit to red color.

With Telescope, The bigger the Mirror they are equipped with, the more light would be able to capture.

And the resolution of the image that we get will be that much higher.

That’s why with the creation of more and more advanced telescopes. They are being equipped with bigger mirrors.

The Mirror of the Hubble Space telescope was the size.

                          

 And you have the mirror of the James Webb Space Telescope behind it.

The entire mirror is plated with 24k Gold plated because gold is the best at reflecting red light.

Because of gold, the reflectiveness of the mirror is at 98%

Everything that radiates heat emits infrared waves. When the telescope will start working the telescope will radiate heat too.

Some infrared waves will be emitted from within the telescope it will interfere with the waves coming from the galaxies and we would not be able to get a good high-quality picture.

TO avoid this, the James Webb telescope will work only at the cold temperature of -223 Degree Celsius.

       

    On earth, the temperature hasn’t fallen below -89 degrees Celsius.

So how could this telescope be kept so cool?

It is possible to do it in space?

Yes, It is possible because it is very cold in space. Unless there is sunlight

If Sunlight falls on you in space the temperature would rise rapidly.

As in the case of the moon, the whole scenario would be changed because there is no atmosphere on the moon. The temperature may fall to -170 degrees Celsius there but as soon as there is the sun the temperature rises to 120-degree Celsius.

It is very problematic for this telescope no sooner would sunlight fall on this telescope it would be problematic as everything would heat up rapidly.

So They Need to stop the sun.

To avoid this problem, a sun shield has been installed on this James Webb telescope. This Sunshield is in the shape of a kite. and it is as big as a tennis court. So the telescope could remain protected from the sun.

For this a very special used of material has been used, Kapton.

Several materials were tested to see which material could be used to block the sun most efficiently and to keep the telescope cool.

It was later discovered that Kapton was officially created.

The sun shield comes with 5 layers of Kapton and each layer is thinner than a strand of human hair.

Every layer has a hap of vacuum to maintain effectiveness.

Apart each layer has an aluminum cavity on it.

And the two layers closest to the sun have a coating of doped- silicon.

This space telescope isn’t being deployed near the Earth as the Hubble space telescope was.

Hubble is close to the earth and orbit around it.

   The James Webb Space Telescope is an infrared observatory orbiting the Sun about 1 million miles from Earth to find the first galaxies that formed in the early universe and to see stars forming planetary system.

 

I hope the next Blog will come.